The myth reports that during the 5th Sun, Quetzalcoatl spotted a red ant carrying a maize kernel.He followed the ant and reached the place where maize grew, the "Mountain of Sustenance", or Tonacatepetl (Ton-ah-cah-TEP-eh-tel) in Nahua. He first donned bird-like features in the Olmec period (1400-400 BC), becoming a Quetzal-feathered Serpent in the Classic period (200-900 AD), long before the Aztecs were around (1325-1521 AD). A typical portrayal of the Feathered Serpent. Accessed June 29, 2019.https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quetzalcoatl. This versions blatant mirroring of the story of Moses was almost certainly a product of later Spanish influence.[9]. As the morning and evening star, Quetzalcatl was the symbol of death and resurrection. I recently put together a shrine on it I have Tlaloc, Mictlantecuhtli, and Quetzalcoatl. Taylor wrote that the story of the life of the Mexican divinity, Quetzalcoatl, closely resembles that of the Savior; so closely, indeed, that we can come to no other conclusion than that Quetzalcoatl and Christ are the same being.[12]It is unclear how widely accepted Taylors argument was amongst the LDS Church, but Quetzalcoatl isnot currently an important part of the LDS belief system. [8] In his form as the morning star, Venus, he is also depicted as a harpy eagle. It is said that the Toltec culture fell when the king and high priest Quetzalcoatl left the city of Tula. In general, he is considered the god of wisdom, the god of the Aztec ritual calendar, the god of corn and maize, and oftentimes a symbol of death and resurrection. Though he originated as a vegetation god, Quetzalcoatl's role in the Aztec mythos expanded over time. The cult of Quetzalcoatl, the "quetzal-feathered serpent," was prominent in central Mexico from at least the time of Teotihuac n (100 - 750 ce) to the collapse of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitl n in 1521. He never offered human victims, only snakes, birds, and butterflies. Quetzelcoatl also appeared on (Season 3) of the Animal Planet mockumentary Lost Tapes in an episode entitled "Q the Serpent God". Copyright: Museo Nacional de Antropologa(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 2: Feathered Serpent at Teotihuacan. With the immigration of Nahua-speaking tribes from the north, Quetzalcatls cult underwent drastic changes. In Aztec culture, depictions of Quetzalcoatl were fully anthropomorphic. On the basis of the different symbolic systems used in portrayals of the feathered-serpent deity in different cultures and periods, scholars have interpreted the religious and symbolic meaning of the feathered-serpent deity in Mesoamerican cultures. Codex Borbonicus fol. The most common form of human sacrifice was heart-extraction. After all, mythology is storytelling at its finest. These tales show Quetzalcoatl as the model of good rulership and the Toltecs as the model of good society. Under his guidance, the capital city of Tula became incredibly prosperous. Quetzalcoatl was the third son of the dual creator godOmeteotl. Yet another version of this tale had Quetzalcoatl parting the sea and leading his followers in a march along the ocean floor. As for Tlaloc and Mictlantecuhtli, I am also curious as to what offerings would be suitable to give them and if anyone has had any experiences with them and would like to share them. Guises: Ehcatl (Wind) / Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli (Venus), Xolotl (the dog twin or double of Quetzalcoatl), and the mythical human priest, Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl.Emblem: A half-conch, symbol of creation.Active: The Feathered Serpent was represented as a deity in Mesoamerica from the Pre-classic period until the conquest in 1521.Favourite Colour: Blue and Black (Ehcatl) or Red and White pinstripe (Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli). Each bout of fighting brought one of the four epochs of Aztec history to an end, ultimately ending with Tezcatlipoca in control of the fifth (and current) age. The friar Diego de Duran suggested that Quetzalcoatl may have actually been the apostle St. Thomas. [6]The Aztecs used this allegory to explain why people came in all different heights. He appears seated in Omnipotence City of the gods, where all major deities are located, during an announcement from leader of the gods, Zeus. Quetzalcoatl.Wikipedia. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Did Motecuhzoma really think Corts was a god?The final twist in Quetzalcoatls story came with the arrival of the Spanish conquerors, who claimed that Corts was welcomed as the long-departed Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl who, in another story, did not kill himself but left on a long voyage over the ocean, promising one day to return. Were building the worlds most authoritative, online mythology resource, with engaging, accessible content that is both educational and compelling to read. In Aztec mythology, he was the brother of Tezcatlipoca, Huitzilopochtli and Xipe Totec. This talisman was a conch shell cut at the cross-section and was likely worn as a necklace by religious rulers, as such objects have been discovered in burials in archaeological sites throughout Mesoamerica,[6] and potentially symbolized patterns witnessed in hurricanes, dust devils, seashells, and whirlpools, which were elemental forces that had significance in Aztec mythology. He was a creator deity having contributed essentially to the creation of mankind. Tlatelolco is an archaeological excavation site in Mexico City, Mexico where remains of the pre-Columbian city-state of the same name have been found. Follow the link below to read more about Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl Quetzalcoatl-Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, the Morning StarThe legend of Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl goes on to tell us that after a long pilgrimage towards the east, our hero found himself so thoroughly defeated by his brother Tezcatlipoca that he threw himself on a burning pyre in an act of self-sacrifice. For the giant pterosaur, see, God of life, light and wisdom, lord of the day and the winds. Sir Terry Pratchetts novelEricincluded a parody of Quetzalcoatl in the form of a demon namedQuezovercoatl. He was also the ninth of the 13 gods of the daytime hours. The 1981 has a listed mintage of 30,500,000, and the 1982 with a mintage of 20,000,000. The Aztec believed that Tezcatlipoca ruled of the fifth age, and while they thought that the fifth sun was the last sun, it was not a foregone conclusion that Tezcatlipoca would remain in charge. After many trials and tribulations he was able to escape Mictlan and carry the bones to Tamoanchan, home of the gods. The gods ground these bones into a meal flour, and then let their own blood drip onto it to create a new race of people. Moreover, Quetzalcoatl became strongly associated with the winds, specifically as a bringer of rain clouds, which was important to a society dependent on agriculture. Additionally, at least one major cache of offerings includes knives and idols adorned with the symbols of more than one god, some of which were adorned with wind jewels. In theFinal Fantasyvideo game series, Quetzalcoatl was a recurring summon or creature. nuna revv stroller compatibility accounts krafton com claim best tasting menus toronto quetzalcoatl offerings. Historians debate to what degree, or whether at all, these narratives about this legendary Toltec ruler describe historical events. Why did Quetzalcoatl have so many guises? Quetzalcoatl remained a potent figure well after the Spanish had conquered the New World. Represented as the plumed serpent, Quetzalcoatl was also seen as manifest in the wind, one of the most powerful forces of nature; a text in the Nahuatl language captures this relationship: Quetzalcoatl; yn ehecatl ynteiacancauh yntlachpancauh in tlaloque, yn aoaque, yn qujqujiauhti. In addition to his guise as a plumed serpent, Quetzalcatl was often represented as a man with a beard, and, as Ehcatl, the wind god, he was shown with a mask with two protruding tubes (through which the wind blew) and a conical hat typical of the Huastec people of east-central Mexico. Quetzalcoatl slithers along the border. An Examination Into and an Elucidation of the Great Principle of the Mediation and Atonement: Of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. Guess how many feathers went into making this shield? He ground the bones and mixed them with his blood, creating the first humans of the 5th (and current) sun. Geometric morphometrics is the study of the form and/or shape of objects, or subjects, capturing their geometry. Quetzalcoatl appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Thor: Love and Thunder. The water below is coupled with the fire from the leaning smoking mirror sacrifice above the head of One Hunahpu. (Many academics conclude this passage implies incest.) Other gods had already attempted to retrieve the maize by moving the mountains, but their efforts had all been unsuccessful. Under the guise of wind, he was called Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl and was considered a great cultural hero. Super glue makers - a great job for Aztec children. Note the human for scale. Where others had approached this problem with their brute strength, Quetzalcoatl chose to rely on his sharp mind. https://mythopedia.com/topics/quetzalcoatl, Evan Meehan is a writer, researcher, and historian with an M.A. No circulation issues were produced in 1983. Quezovercoatl was described as being half man, half chicken, half jaguar, half serpent, half scorpion, and half mad for a total of three homicidal maniacs.[13]. Tonalamatl), and displayed the portents of the 260 day lunar calendar known as the Tonalpoualli (Counting of the Days). Round monuments occur particularly often in Huastec territory. Kay Almere Read and Jason J. Gonzalez,Handbook of Mesoamerican Mythology(Oxford: ABC-CLIO, 2000), 225. According to legend, the Aztec people initially only had access to roots and wild game. This possibility would become mythologically significant when the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the 16th century. QUETZALCOATL was one of the most powerful and multifaceted gods in Mesoamerican religions. After his eventual escape, Quetzalcoatl combined the now slightly shuffled bones with his blood and corn to create the first humans of the fifth age. As humans, Tezcatlipocas trickery thwarted the priest Quetzalcoatl (myth of Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl). Terry Pratchett,Eric(New York: Harper Collins Publisher, 1990), 63. Large stone sculptures - perhaps the greatest Aztec artistic feat? arthur newman brother of paul newman; project management conferences 2023; ottawa, il police reports. But the history of the former has been handed down to us through an impure Lamanitish source, which has sadly disfigured and perverted the original incidents and teachings of the Savior's life and ministry. Wikipedia contributors. He instead solicited the help of Nanahuatzin, who destroyed the mountain with lightning. Often our current time was considered the fifth sun,[29] the previous four having been destroyed by flood, fire and the like. In Mesoamerican history, many different ethnopolitical groups worshiped a feathered-serpent deity. The significance of this combined name: quetzal (a beautiful feathered bird) and coatl (a serpent) revealed divinity. Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca were brothers in divine myths, where they worked together as creators, and against each other in acts of destruction. The bottom left-hand symbol is for wind. Album: Esperanto Slang [ALBUM]Track: 11 of 12Title: Quetzalcoatl OfferingArtist: Captain PlanetLabel: Bastard Jazz RecordingsCat#: BJLP06Formats: DigitalDigital Release: 6th October 2014Physical Release: 13th October 2014About This Release:Globe-trotting beatmaker Captain Planet returns to soundsystems worldwide with his hotly anticipated The god Quetzalcoatl then descended to the underworld and retrieved the bones of former humans from the previous four eras. Captain Planet - Quetzalcoatl Offering - YouTube 0:00 / 4:49 Captain Planet - Quetzalcoatl Offering Bastard Jazz 14.8K subscribers Subscribe 400 40K views 8 years ago Download & Stream:. Math, Kathryn. Quetzalcatl ruled over the days that bore the name ehcatl (wind) and over the 18th 13-day series of the ritual calendar. But the god of the night sky, Tezcatlipoca, expelled him from Tula by performing feats of black magic. [19] The most important center was Cholula, where the world's largest pyramid was dedicated to Quetzalcoatl-worship. Place of devotion: Offerings were regularly presented to Quetzalcoatl in Tenochtitlan, but he was also celebrated in other cities like Cholula and Chichn Itz. Most Mesoamerican beliefs included cycles of suns. Offerings of flowers and libations were given to Xochiquetzal. When the brothers separated the sky from the earth, they even turned into the trees that held the two apart, earnings the names of Quetzalhuxotl and Tezcacahuitl.Quetzalcoatls life-giving ability gave rise to many of the things around us. It was one of several important gods in the Aztec pantheon, along with the gods Tlaloc, Tezcatlipoca and Huitzilopochtli. One important body of myths describes Quetzalcatl as the priest-king of Tula, the capital of the Toltecs. I havent made any formal offerings to any of these deities as of yet. Powers: As we know from stories of old, Quetzalcoatls physical powers and intelligence knew no bounds. . quetzalcoatl offeringslgbt friendly doctors richmond, valgbt friendly doctors richmond, va The gods sent the bat to bite out the vulva of the young goddess Xochiquetzal, from which they grew nasty-smelling flowers to present to Mictlantecuhtli. The first century of the Toltec civilization was dominated by the Teotihuacn culture, with its inspired ideals of priestly rule and peaceful behaviour. Quetzalcoatl was often represented as the life-giving wind, with a beak or mask protruding from his face. They travelled past Cholula (in Puebla), into the Yucatan and Chichn Itz, and may even have gone as far as El Salvador. (an as of yet unnamed species) were large creatures with enormous wingspans. He was known as the inventor of books and the calendar, the giver of maize (corn) to mankind, and sometimes as a symbol of death and resurrection. The ancient Maya walked and even danced on stilts, The famous obsidian Aztec jar in the form of a spider monkey. Some scholarship maintains the view that the Aztec Empire's fall may be attributed in part to the belief in Corts as the returning Quetzalcoatl, notably in works by David Carrasco (1982), H. B. Nicholson (2001 (1957)) and John Pohl (2016). Quetzalcoatl in the 52 year cycle was born in 1935 and is currently living in London with Xolotl his double, we believe him to have been born in Germany or one of the Scandinavian countries, and they have fallen and chosen evil, they and their dark forces were behind 911 & 7/7 bombings and so much more. The conch shell is symbolic of the ancestral bones from which Quetzalcoatl created humankind as we know it. Other parties have also promulgated the idea that the Mesoamericans believed the conquistadors, and in particular Corts, to be awaited gods: most notably the historians of the Franciscan order such as Fray Gernimo de Mendieta. At base, it shared many of the cosmological beliefs of earlier peoples, notably the Maya, such as that the present earth was the . Copyright: imagesofanthropology.com(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 3: The legendary priest, Ce Acatl Topilltzin Quetzalcoatl in a blood-letting ceremony. Later, Xavier and the Aztecs summon Quetzalcoatl in his mortal form and wind up angering him after cutting him open. Quetzalcoatl has appeared in Final Fantasy VIII, XII, and XV, as well as the Final Fantasy trading card game. Corrections? Containing a round temple dedicated to the cult of Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl, Cholula was considered a pilgrimage destination across Central Mexico. The earliest known iconographic depiction of the deity appears on Stela 19 at the Olmec site of La Venta. Why did Quetzalcoatl have so many guises?We know him as the Plumed Serpent but Quetzalcoatl was so much more! With this appendage he was able to sweep the roads clean before the arrival of the rain gods (pic 5). Quetzalcoatl played many roles in ancient Aztec mythology, so it's difficult to pin down just one. The rationale for Aztec human sacrifice was, first and foremost, a matter of survival. Quetzalcoatl. This mask is believed to represent Quetzalcoatl or the Rain God Tlaloc; both are associated with serpents. Accessed June 29, 2019.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feathered_Serpent. Early depictions of Quetzalcoatl are accompanied by raindrops and standing water, indicating that he was a rain deity. Privacy Policy. On the basis of the Teotihuacan iconographical depictions of the feathered serpent, archaeologist Karl Taube has argued that the feathered serpent was a symbol of fertility and of internal political structures - contrasting with the War Serpent symbolizing the outwards military expansion of the Teotihuacan empire. These writers may have misinterpreted a speech Moctezuma gave to Cortes, or simply invented the idea because it fit their historical expectations. Evidence for cacao drinks go back to 1600 BCE! You have graciously arrived, you have known pain, you have known weariness, now come on earth, take your rest, enter into your palace, rest your limbs; may our lords come on earth. Pratchett, Terry. [44], Quetzalcoatl was fictionalized in the 1982 film Q as a monster that terrorizes New York City. These people could now satisfy the gods' own need for blood. It is centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas.On one side of the square is this excavated Tlatelolco site, on a second is the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas called the Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, and on the . Last modified August 01, 2013.https://www.ancient.eu/Quetzalcoatl/. [7], Other versions of the legend featured Quetzalcoatl discovering a great mountain of seeds that he could not move by himself. It has been suggested that these stories recall the spread of the feathered-serpent cult in the epi-classic and early post-classic periods.[12]. QUETZALCOATL. During this festival, Xochiquetzal was "honored with flower offerings, drinking, and . Quetzalcoatl as depicted in the 16th-century Codex Borbonicus. As a culture hero, Quetzalcoatl (or Topilzin Quetzalcoatl) was said to be extremely wise, and according to myths, under his rulership agriculture flourished, goods were plentiful, and people lacked for nothing. Quetzalcoatl was also the patron of the priests and the title of the twin Aztec high priests. Other deposits related to warfare and sacrifice, containing items like human . The pterosaur Quetzalcoatlus was named after the deity. what two major landmasses broke apart from pangaea. The head was carved separately and attached to the wall via tenons (mounting pegs). The Editors of Encyclopdia Britannica. He accompanies the sun across the sky during the day. The legend of Quetzalcoatl is spoofed in the Adult Swim CGI series Xavier: Renegade Angel. Latter-day Saint author Brant Gardner, after investigating the link between Quetzalcoatl and Jesus, concluded that the association amounts to nothing more than folklore. Franciscans then equated the original Quetzalcoatl with Thomas and imagined that the Indians had long-awaited his return to take part once again in God's kingdom. Under the guise of wind, he was called Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl and was considered a great cultural hero. This last period was considered to bring bad luck because it was represented by Quetzalcoatl in his forceful guise of Wind. The first culture to use the symbol of a feathered serpent as an important religious and political symbol was that of Teotihuacan. She has heterochromia, where one iris has a different coloration from the other. [13] Furthermore, early Spanish sources written by clerics tend to identify the god-ruler Quetzalcoatl of these narratives with either Hernn Corts or Thomas the Apostleidentifications which have also become sources of a diversity of opinions about the nature of Quetzalcoatl. Dated to around 900 BC, it depicts a serpent rising up behind a person probably engaged in a shamanic ritual. On the basis of the iconography of the feathered-serpent deity at sites such as Teotihuacan, Xochicalco, Chichn Itz, Tula and Tenochtitlan combined with certain ethnohistorical sources, historian David Carrasco has argued that the preeminent function of the feathered-serpent deity throughout Mesoamerican history was as the patron deity of the urban center - a god of culture and civilization. The different roles of Quetzalcoatl are partly attributable to a series of .
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