Interest in her compositions began to revive in the late 20th century, and her 2019 bicentenary prompted new books and exhibitions. She gave her last concerts in Dresden at the age of 84 in December 1914 and January 1915. Clara Schumann gave her last performance as a pianist in 1891 when she was 71, crowning a performing career that had lasted more than 60 years. After that, he worked as a music teacher in Berlin and, thanks to the influence of his famous half-sister and his brother-in-law, was able to publish several compositions. She began studying the piano with her domineering and difficult father, whom her mother, a talented singer, later divorced. [31] These two works, while reserved for her opus 18 and 19, were never published. [31], Clara Schumann has been portrayed on screen many times. [84], The opposing side of this "War of the Romantics", a group of radical progressives in music (most of them from Weimar) led by Liszt and Richard Wagner, desired to escape composing under the shadow of Beethoven, but to transcend the old forms and ideas of what music had been and instead create what music should be for the future. "Clara Schumann: New Cadenzas for Mozart's Piano Concerto in D Minor. [48], In 1878, Schumann was appointed the first piano teacher of the new Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt. Her husband was permanently institutionalized after a mental collapse. Romantic Visions of a Classical Masterpiece. The year he married Clara, Robert composed 138 songs, some of them among the greatest of the 19th century. Her insecurity is evident in an inscription to her husband on one of her creations which reads, "To my beloved husband, on 8 June 1853, a weak attempt from his old Clara. 54 / work by Schumann", International Music Score Library Project, Clara Schumann: A Composers Wife as Composer, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clara_Schumann&oldid=1152121828, Chamber virtuosi of the Emperor of Austria, Honorary Members of the Royal Philharmonic Society, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl), Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Burstein, L. Poundie: "Their Paths, Her Ways Comparison of Text Settings by Clara Schumann and Other Composers". [c] Joachim visited London annually beginning in 1866. Her father followed the methods in his own book, Wiecks pianistische Erziehung zum schnen Anschlag und zum singenden Ton ("Wieck's Piano Education for a Delicate Touch and a Singing Sound. He received music lessons from an early age and then became a pupil of Siegfried Wilhelm Dehn in Berlin. On October 15, 1837, Clara set off on a tour of Austria, where she risked playing new music by Liszt, Schumann, and Beethoven. [35], The couple remained joint partners in both family life and their careers. Edited by Aaron I. Cohen. Since Robert could not support his large family by composing, Clara performed to help meet their expenses. The family, including Clara Schumann, was profoundly shocked by her death. After that, she became independent and lived together with her friend Agnes von Bohlen. She fully accepted the arrangement of a shared diary, as evidenced by her many entries. Like her father, Clara Schumann was an excellent teacher; she mothered her students and followed their careers with great interest. Clara Schumann (Clara Josephine Wieck) was born on 13 September, 1819 in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony [now Saxony, Germany], is a Soundtrack, Music Department, Composer. Her collection of 1,299 concert programs spanning her career from 1828 to 1891 is an . Despite strong objections from her father, she married Schumann in 1840, and they had eight children between 1841 and 1854. In addition, Friedrich Wieck gave her singing lessons and in the 1860s, Marie performed as a solo singer. Although she was self-confident as a performer, she seemed less certain of her original works, and often needed Robert's encouragement to finish them. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. [90][91], Partisans led active campaigns with public demonstrations at concerts, writings published in the press denigrating reputations, and other public slights designed to embarrass their adversaries. 626627. On the recommendation of Clara Schumann, she lived at the Jagetzow manor near Jarmen as a companion to Mrs Rodbertus and piano teacher of her daughter Anna between the autumn of 1853 and the summer of 1858. Marie was thrust into the role of replacement mother to her siblings, a role she'd fulfill for the rest of her life. There, he noted that Marie was silly, stupid and lazy [], like Clara]. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Apart from being prepared to perform, Schumann was responsible for scheduling her concerts, renting the hall, providing light and heat, renting and tuning pianos, arranging for newspaper advertising, and printing the tickets and programs. Despite the loss of her husband and four of her children, and despite her own illness and pain, she had met the challenges of supporting her large family, changed the style of performance on the concert stage, and won the respect of some of the century's greatest composers, including Felix Mendelssohn, Johannes Brahms, and her tragic, beloved husband. Between 1849 and 1859, he was a member of the Italian Opera Orchestra in St Petersburg and then lived in Dresden, working as a music teacher. [79] By the mid-1850s, after Robert's decline, the young Brahms had joined the cause,[80] and to promote her ideals and protect what she saw as an attack on her husband's beliefs, she, Brahms, and Joseph Joachim[81][82] formed a group of conservative musicians[83] who defended Robert Schumann's critical ideals of the legacy and respectability of music, the pinnacle of which had been Beethoven. Geburtstag der Pianistin und Komponistin", "Linds and Clrchens: Women Musicians and National Currency", "Review: Clara Schumann Three Romances for violin and piano, Op. She continued her training with her father but also began to teach herself, first her younger sister Ccilie, and at the beginning of 1847 also her niece Marie Schumann. She developed a close friendship with Johannes Brahms, who had been a housefriend and admirer of the Schumanns; but despite his many . Clara Wieck (pronounced 'KLAH-rah VEEK') was born in Germany in 1819. sibling. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. [11] The tour marked her transition from a child prodigy to a young woman performer. London: Edward Arnold, 1912. II. Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. From the age of five, she was taught the piano by Louis Anger, then by her father, who kept a diary for Marie, as previously for Clara. Despite this slow start, she proved to be an intelligent child, and Wieck, a brilliant, creative teacher whose methods continue to hold interest for piano pedagogues, wanted to use her musical gifts to validate his pedagogical approach. During the 19th century, no pianist dominated the concert stage for a longer period than Clara Schumann. In 1857, she was appointed chamber virtuoso to the Court of Hohenzollern. [6][9] The same year, she performed at the Leipzig home of Ernst Carus, director of the mental hospital at Colditz Castle. As a flourishing composer's wife, she was limited in her own explorations. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). 236238. That she was probably a little jealous of Clara can be gleaned from her memoirs Aus dem Kreise Wieck-Schumann [From the Circle of the Wiecks and the Schumanns].Wieck, Ccilie (18341893), half-sisterClaras second half-sister from the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner was mentally ill from the age of 16. Now my request is that you should do the same, so that we may see and meet each other in spirit. [46] She rested for the remainder of the year before returning to the concert stage in March 1875. 8) and the popular Scherzo (Op. Gustav became an instrument maker and went to Vienna in 1838, where Schumann frequently spent time with him during his prolonged stay.In 1845, Gustav was staying in Weimar, but later lived again in Vienna permanently, where he also died.Wieck, Victor (1824/1827), brother. Woldemar Bargiel was very introverted and forgotten as a composer still during his lifetime. Among her 68 known students who made a musical career were Natalia Janotha, Fanny Davies, Nanette Falk, Amina Goodwin, Carl Friedberg, Leonard Borwick, Ilona Eibenschtz, Adelina de Lara, Marie Olson and Mary Wurm. . She grew up in Leipzig, where both her father Friedrich Wieck and her mother Mariane were pianists and piano teachers. In early 1840, the lawsuit was still unsettled, and Clara was under great strain when she began a new series of concerts. Bitte treffen Sie vor dem Speichern eine Auswahl! But Wieck also believed in addressing the needs of the whole pupil, and saw to it that she took long daily walks in the fresh air. and I felt very melancholy ].Ccilie Bargiel had to spend the last years of her life in a nursing home in Waldsieversdorf near Lake Scharmtzel, where she died in 1910. 1854). 37. 28 March 1903 in Eger, Bohemia, now Cheb, Czech Republic; d. 8 May 1991 in Guilford, Vermont), pianist best known for his interpretations and rec, Amy Beach When she was five years old, her parents divorced and Clara lived with her father. On the suggestion of Robert Schumann and with the support of Felix Mendelssohn, he enrolled at the Leipzig Conservatoire in 1846 where he pursued his training with Moritz Hauptmann, Ignaz Moscheles, Julius Rietz, and Niels Wilhelm Gade until 1850. The family, including Clara Schumann, was profoundly shocked by her death. Schumann's children all assisted their mother, considering her "the greatest thing [they] possessed in all the world." In 1878, she embarked on a second career, becoming the full-time principal piano teacher at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt; musicians from around the world flocked to study with her. Her eldest living son Ludwig suffered from mental illness like his father and, in her words, eventually had to be "buried alive" in an institution. Marie Wieck died in Dresden on 22nd November 1916. [] What saddens me deeply is the fact that Alwin had grieved so terribly in the last months, because he was not mentioned even with a single word in the newspapers on the occasion of my fathers 100th birthday, after he had been so committed to disseminating the method of our father with tireless diligence and had achieved the best results with it. When she was 18, she performed a series of recitals in Vienna from December 1837 to April 1838. When it was apparent that Robert was near death, she was finally admitted to see him. Bargiel admired his brother-in-law and his sister very much and dedicated two compositions to them. In 1832, Clara began a seven-month performance tour that included a lengthy stay in Paris. "Clara Schumann ne Wieck," in The Art of the Piano. Diese Cookies ermglichen es uns, Ihre Nutzung der Website zu analysieren, um deren Leistung zu bewerten und zu verbessern. To support her family, Clara Schumann went back to extended touring, eager now to bring Robert's music to the world. She began touring at age eleven, and was successful in Paris and Vienna, among other cities. Fortunately her relationship with her mother continued to be close, and she was reconciled by this time with her father. Clara's great-grandfather, Johann George Tromlitz, had been a widely known flutist, teacher, and flute maker; her grandfather, George Christian Tromlitz, was a cantor. [26], Over her career, Schumann gave over 238 concerts with Joachim in Germany and Britain, more than with any other artist. . [35], Clara Schumann first toured England in April 1856, while her husband was still living but unable to travel. 9. When he performed, Liszt flailed his arms, tossed his head, and pursed his lips,[88] inspiring a Lisztomania across Europe which has been compared to the Beatlemania of female fans of The Beatles over a century later. [39] St. James's Hall in London, which opened in 1858, hosted a series of "Popular Concerts" of chamber music. Several of the proponents and signers of the manifesto, including Joachim, relented and joined the "other side". On 4 December 1845, she premiered Robert Schumann's Piano Concerto in Dresden. "Robert Schumann and Clara Wieck: a Creative Partnership," in Music & Letters. Encyclopedia.com. NY: Books and Music USA, pp. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [31] She trained only advanced pupils, mostly young women, while her two daughters gave lessons to beginners. Leipzig was a center for music, visited by many of Europe's leading musicians. Concerto: The Story of Clara Schumann. She premiered many works by her husband and by Brahms in public. Schumann, Music's Unsung Renaissance Woman. Robert and Clara decided to go to court and sue him. [1] Her mother was a famous singer in Leipzig who performed weekly piano and soprano solos at the Gewandhaus. (April 27, 2023). 1849); Eugenie (b. Clara Schumann wrote her first music while still a child, but as she grew older she found less time and energy for composing. The Weimar school promoted the idea of program music,[85] while both the Schumanns and Brahms of the Leipzig/Berlin school were strict in their stance that music must and can only be absolute music,[86] a term derisively coined by Wagner. When Clara was nine, her father remarried, and her stepmother proved to be kind and loving. She cannot work at it regularly, and I am often disturbed to think how many profound ideas are lost because she cannot work them out. Marie never left her mother. Another of her students, Carl Friedberg, carried the tradition to the Juilliard School in America, where his students included Nina Simone, Malcolm Frager and Bruce Hungerford. One of the most renowned figures among classical musicians of the nineteenth century, Clara Schumann (1819-1896) was sometimes known as Europe's Queen of the Piano. [11] She also complained that Wagner had spoken of her husband, Mendelssohn, and Brahms in a "scornful" way. Another female composer from the same era whose work was also criminally suppressed was Clara Schumann (ne Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819). Clara was the youngest of four siblings. How many siblings did Clara Schumann have? View more. view all Julie Marmorito's Timeline. [10], From September 1831 to April 1832, Clara toured Paris and other European cities, accompanied by her father. There, she met another gifted young pianist who had been invited to the musical evening, Robert Schumann, who was nine years older. Beginning in 1853, the Schumanns developed a close professional and personal friendship with the composer Johannes Brahms that Clara maintained after her husbands death in 1856. Reich, Nancy B. Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman. In addition to solo piano recitals, chamber music, and accompanying singers, she continued to perform frequently with orchestras. Marie Wieck, like Alwin Wieck, promoted the dissemination of her fathers teaching methods and published several works on the teaching practice of Friedrich Wieck. The daughter of a well-known singer in Leipzig, Clara took daily lessons in piano, violin, and music composition. Illustration: uDiscoverMusic. Mariana also visited Clara with her daughters Clementine and Ccilie in Baden-Baden in the 1860s.On 15th August 1895, Clara wrote in her diary: [Departure of Ccilie and Laura [Peters] we will miss them a lot. Schumann admired Clara's playing so much that he asked permission from his mother to stop studying law, which had never interested him much, and take music lessons with Clara's father. After Clara Schumann moved to Baden-Baden as her main residence in 1863, Ludwig attended the grammar school in Karlsruhe as a guest student. "[37] She was happy, though, to hear the cellist Alfredo Piatti play with "a tone, a bravura, a certainty, such as I never heard before". 5 4 Pices caractristiques in 1836, all piano pieces for her recitals. [29] Robert published an article highly lauding Brahms, and Clara wrote in the diary that Brahms "seemed as if sent straight from God". Professionally, however, her life was complicated by the fact that concert managers and agents did not exist in the mid-19th century. The burden of family duties increased over time and narrowed her ability as an artist. [2] Clara's parents had irreconcilable differences, in part due to her father's unyielding nature. Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. by Peter Ostwald. [66] Following the advice of Brahms she performed Mozart's Piano Concerto in C minor at the Hanoverian court[14] and in Leipzig. In 1877, she performed Beethoven's Fifth Piano Concerto in Berlin, with Woldemar Bargiel conducting, her half-brother by her mother's second marriage, and had tremendous success. [6][49], Clara Schumann suffered a stroke on 26 March 1896, and died on 20 May at age 76. Birth of Julie Marmorito. Four months after her youngest brother's birth in January 1824, her mother requested a legal separation. Isata Kanneh-Mason | Clara Schumann's Scherzo No.2 in C Minor | Classic FM Session. About two years later, in October 1830, he moved into the Wieck household as a boarder, and saw Clara daily. Four months after her . 20 through 23. Clara and her siblings remained, as was the law at the time, in the custody of their father. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. She also composed solo piano pieces, a piano concerto (her Op. Rick Fulker. She married the composer Robert Schumann, and the couple had eight children.
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