[29] The William Clarke Quantrill Society continues to celebrate Quantrill's life and deeds.[29]. By 1863 both the guerrillas and the Union cavalry were carrying this weapon. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. 11 (not to be confused with General Ulysses S. Grant's order of the same name). Anderson kept his Confederate battle flag carefully folded amongst his personal effects, like a memory of an earlier time and purpose. The guerrillas did not have access to Confederate uniforms, but in any case preferred to wear captured Union uniforms, which allowed them to confuse Union pickets and get close to their enemy, where their rapid-firing revolvers made the difference against muzzle-loading rifled muskets. Halleck issued an order in March 1862 that declared the Confederate guerrillas to be outlaws subject to summary execution. A man of action, it was said that Quantrill planned, but Todd executed. For shelter, they would dig or find a cave in an inaccessible spot deep in the woods and conceal the entrance. Much of the dramatic build-up to the Civil War centered on the violence that erupted on the KansasMissouri border between pro- and anti-slavery militias. [15], On November 5, 1862, Quantrill joined Colonel Warner Lewis to stage an attack on Lamar, Missouri, where a company of the 8th Regiment Missouri Volunteer Cavalry protected a Union outpost. As with any larger-than-life historical figure, Quantrills story proves difficult, perhaps impossible, to determine where fact ends and legend begins. Quantrill was also the oldest of twelve children, four of whom died in infancy. The edict ordered the depopulation of three and a half Missouri counties along the Kansas border with the exception of a few designated towns, which forced tens of thousands of civilians to abandon their homes. Later, the group became Confederate soldiers, who were referred to as "Quantrill's Raiders". Similar Items. William Clarke Quantrill (1837-65) earned infamy during the Civil War for his atrocities against citizens and guerrilla warfare against Union soldiers. American Revolution During this time, Quantrill helped support the family by continuing to work as a schoolteacher, but he left home a year later and headed to Mendota, Illinois. By Christmas 1861, he had ten men who would follow him full-time into his pro-Confederate guerrilla organization:[10][pageneeded] William Haller, George Todd, Joseph Gilcrist, Perry Hoy, John Little, James Little, Joseph Baughan, William H. Gregg, James A. Hendricks, and John W. Koger. Be the first to contribute! [27] The historian Matthew Christopher Hulbert argues that Quantrill "ruled the bushwhacker pantheon" established by ex-Confederate officer and propagandist John Newman Edwards in the 1870s to provide Missouri with its own "irregular Lost Cause". I suggest you fortify yours if you hope to be of any use to us. Clements was soon back to taking scalps and leading a band of as many as 100 men in a rampage of murder, arson, and robbery even as the Confederate Army collapsed elsewhere. He mounted his horse and got partway down the street before falling prey to sharpshooters who lined the rooftops to prevent his escape. He died from his wounds on June 6, 1865, at the age of 27. A Missouri newspaper, The Albany Ledger, published since 1868, is rich in information about the last chapter of Quantrills life. By 1864 most of the older guerrillas who fought for the Confederacy had died, gone home, or joined the regular Confederate army. "[8], In 1861, Quantrill went to Texas with the slaveholder Marcus Gill. His name is Tom Chaney. . By wars end, the guerrilla war in Missouri had descended into a kind of Confederate version of the Lord of the Flies in which teenagers and young men used revenge as justification for operating outside the laws of war and conventional morality. When Mattie tells Rooster that LaBoeuf is a Texas Ranger, he simply makes fun of the man, disparaging his Texan vanity. Select quotes from this letter confirm that Langford was with Edwin Terrells party pursuing Quantrills men in Kentucky in 1865 and that he was the man who killed him. John Langford appeared to be a cautious man. One was led by his lieutenant, "Bloody Bill" Anderson, and Quantrill joined it briefly in the fall of 1864 during a fight north of the Missouri River. The best known of the leaders of the Missouri bushwhackers, also called pro-Confederate partisan rangers, was William Clarke Quantrill (often spelled Quantrell in period newspapers and writings). Angered by incidents of scalping by Kansas Jayhawkers, the guerrillas took it up themselves in the summer of 1864. Showing search results for "William Quantrill" sorted by relevance. Having endured a tempestuous childhood before later becoming a schoolteacher, Quantrill joined a group of bandits who roamed the Missouri and Kansas countryside to apprehend escaped slaves. After the Civil War, he drifted to Illinois and on to southwest Iowa. Quantrill. Price and Anderson met again later that day. Posing as Captain Clarke, Quantrill continued to use the effective guise of his command as a Missouri unit detached to the Bluegrass State to track down secessionist guerrillas. Frank James later claimed his brother Jesse was the one to kill Major Johnston, but this is questionable Jesse may not have even been there. A squad of militiamen was sent to arrest him, but Clements burst out of the saloon firing furiously. When the command returned to west-central Missouri in the spring of 1864, the final break occurred. Explorers Also notable is that the group included the young Jesse James and his older brother Frank James. Quantrills outraged band blamed the federal troops. Most of the bands now consisted of reckless and ruthless teenagers with lots of violent energy but little judgment. The aims and reputation of the Confederacy would henceforth play little if any role in determining his strategy and tactics. Terrell was a bad man, Langford wrote. Perhaps as bad as the man he was hunting down.. William Clarke Quantrill (July 31, 1837 June 6, 1865) was a Confederate guerrilla leader and mass murderer[1] during the American Civil War. morning, April 9th of tuberculosis of the bone, lamented yet another article in the The Albany Ledger, on Friday, April 15, 1910. Following the old adage, It takes a thief to catch a thief, federal authorities commissioned Union Captain Edwin Terrell, a leader of federal guerrillas in Spencer County, Kentucky, to hunt down the handful of men still in Quantrills band. Baxter shot himself in the head to escape death in the flames, and the boy escaped through a window but soon died from his terrible injuries. Frank James was an early member of Quantrills band. The bodies lay so thick that Dave Poole amused himself counting them by jumping from body to body. Complete your free account to request a guide. Bill offered some simple advice to the citizens of Missouri: "If you proclaim to be against the guerrillas I will kill you. At a very young age, he had joined the Kentucky Confederate troops. Quantrill and his followers decided that revenge would be had for the girls deaths, and the location would be the Kansas town of Lawrence, an abolitionist hotbed and home to Jayhawker Senator James Lane, who had led the raid on Osceola. Barton, OS: Three Years with Quantrill: A True Story Told by His Scout, John McCorkle, Norman, Oklahoma, 1914, Beilein, Joseph M. Jr.: Bushwackers: Guerrilla Warfare, Manhood, and the Household in Civil War Missouri, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio, 2016, Brownlee, Richard S.: Gray Ghosts of the Confederacy: Guerrilla Warfare in the West, 1861-1865, Castel, Albert: William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times, New York, 1962, Castel, Albert: General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West, Baton Rouge, 1968. When Todd died in 1864, Poole took over his command. Even as the smoke cleared from the attack on Lawrence, Southern support for Quantrills Raiders was beginning to fade. He served the Confederacy and perhaps hoped to secure high rank and recognition from its leaders. Facebook Status Intelligence Action Advice Philosophy Religion Fashion Doing Your Best Right Art Self-knowledge Solution Literature Losing Self-esteem Possibility Happiness Questioning In the Kansas City region, the name is largely associated with William Clarke Quantrill, the infamous Missouri guerrilla who fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War and led a violent raid on the Unionist town of Lawrence, Kansas, on August 21, 1863.. Citizens on the front lines of the bloody Missouri-Kansas border war viewed Quantrill very differently. One of these men was Bloody Bill. Murder, mutilation, looting, and arson were not quickly forgotten crimes and there was little chance they could be considered as simply the fortunes of war. As bushwackers they had learned how easily banks and trains could be robbed and the hard life of a farmer held little appeal by comparison. But devotion to a cause and carrying out orders were not to Quantrills liking. Genre: Western. Andersons biggest objection to Quantrill was that he wasnt intent on killing enough Unionists. Quantrill joined the Confederate army and fought in the Battle of Wilsons Creek near Springfield in 1861, the first major battle of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the Civil War. In one of the war's great atrocities, Quantrill and his men burned. Quantrill's most brutal attack came in 1863 when he led 450 guerillas on a raid on the Union stronghold of Lawrence, Kansas. The ferocity and brutality of a conflict waged between neighbors and families precluded the possibility of an easy transition into a post-war peace. William Quantrill Quotes & Sayings . In his teens, Quantrill had short-term stints of employment as a teacher in Ohio, Illinois, and later, in Kansas. 130 pounds and five feet of perpetually grinning malevolence, Clements was once described as Bloody Bills chief devil. Clements family home had been burned down and his brother murdered by Union militia, leaving Archie with a thirst for Union blood. Many books and articles have attempted to tell an accurate story of Quantrills last battle, but only someone who was present would have the final information. The Quantrill band joined with other guerrilla groups operating in the Bluegrass State, such as the group led by Marcellus Jerome Clark (also known as Sue Mundy) to terrorize with relatively little fear of reprisal or punishment. According to Connelley in Quantrill and the Border Wars, The men of Captain Terrell went briskly up the lane, and, rising the swell, charged down upon the barn, unslinging carbines and getting pistols in hand. Both Baxter and his 16-year-old brother-in-law were wounded by the Andersons, who then locked them in the cellar of their house and set it on fire. Many guerrilla leaders, like Quantrill, Anderson, and Todd, did not survive the war to give their own views and recorded nothing of consequence when alive (other than Andersons three letters to newspapers). "A 'Fiend in Human Shape?' On his way, on October 6, Quantrill chose to attack Fort Blair in Baxter Springs, Kansas, which resulted in the so-called Battle of Baxter Springs. The rest of his body was dragged through the streets. Showing in galleries and special shows around the country. The nonfictional leader of a pro-Confederate group of men who tore through Kansas and Missouri fighting Union soldiers and sympathizers. Battles & Tribes, American Revolution The remains were supposedly buried in Dover in 1889, but Scott attempted to sell what he said were Quantrill's bones and so it is unknown if the remains he returned to Dover or buried in Dover were genuine. The Ledger in yet another article on Friday, November 1, 1907, reported, Monday, Mr. Langford brought this office a batch of letters from W.W. Scott, of Canal Dover, Ohio, where Quantrells [sic] mother resided until her death and where the guerrilla was born and raised. Two days later, Terrell returned, having concluded that the wounded man was Quantrill. Clements opened fire on them and the rest of the bushwackers joined in. Quantrills guerrillas spent the 1863-64 winter with the Confederate Army in Texas. Never having the nerve to face him in life they destroyed what they could with their horses and finished by urinating on what was left. God damn his little soul, hes a Dutchman anyway., Bill offered some simple advice to the citizens of Missouri: If you proclaim to be against the guerrillas I will kill you. A boyhood friend of Quantrill, the newspaper reporter William W. Scott, claimed to have dug up the Louisville grave in 1887 and to have brought Quantrill's remains back to Dover at the request of Quantrill's mother. The rebel army was driven south into Arkansas and would not return to Missouri for over two years. One small group of raiders headed across the cow pasture for the timber. Thirty-two such reunions were held, with the image of William Quantrill adopted as a kind of icon for the veterans, who posed with his portrait and wore ribbons with his image. They settled at Marais des Cygnes, but things did not go as well as planned. With so many guerrillas wearing Union blue, federal troops relied on an elaborate and ever-changing system of hand signals and passwords to separate friend from foe, but Anderson and his lieutenants always appeared to be up to date on these signals. Here we have teen-aged Archie Clements. Duffy claimed to recognize the man, living under the name of John Sharp, as Quantrill. A solitary youngster with few friends, young Quantrill is said to have relished inflicting pain and torture on animals, finding pleasure in stabbing horses and cattle by the roadside to hear them scream. During the caravan, Quantrill was heavily guarded but treated with respect. As one of the few regular officers to bother studying guerrilla tactics, Cox was the man for the job and was given men experienced in fighting bushwackers. His father was Thomas Henry Quantrill, formerly of Hagerstown, Maryland, and his mother, Caroline Cornelia Clark, was a native of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture. The Centralia battlefield was excavated by archeologists, who published their report in 2008. By late 1866 there was such an upsurge in violence in Missouri that all men of military age were again ordered to report for registration in the militia. Quantrill then joined a group of Missouri ruffians and became somewhat of a drifter. After Union troops removed the supports for the buildings central girder on the main floor, leading to the buildings collapse and the death of four women, including one of Andersons sisters. Newsletter 5. Compared to most soldiers, renegades, and border ruffians with whom he fought, Langfords life was long and fruitful, full of his family and friends. The brave marshals do their best but they are few in number. This poster (Generale Quantrill: The Human Beast) is actually for an American movie called Dark Command, with Walter Pigeon playing William Cantrell. The films Italian distributors apparently felt Quantrill was more marketable, restoring his real name, making it the title, and promoting him to General in the process. Preservation In a twisted set of circumstances, some playing out in more recent years, the guerrilla leaders bones have been scattered in restless interment at Dover, Ohio; Louisville, Kentucky; and the old Confederate Soldiers Home cemetery in Higginsville, Missouri. However, as details of the Lawrence massacre seeped in, Quantrill and his unruly gang were increasingly treated with disdain by the CSA officers. Joseph Orr is one of Missouris premier artists with a national reputation as an acrylic landscape painter. He spent most of his youth in Tuscarawas County, Ohio. In May 1862, Bill and Jim took revenge on a man named Baxter who had killed their father in a dispute. Quantrill was questioned as he lay motionless in the field, but still with a lot of contempt in him he gave his name as Captain William Clarke of the 4th Missouri Confederate Calvary and asked permission to be allowed to die where he lay. William Clarke Quantrill his life and times / by: Castel, Albert E. Published: (1999) Quantrill and the border wars.
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